국가지하수정보센터
빅데이터플랫폼기술동향
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[기술동향] [미국] USGS, 미네소타주 지하수자원 수량화 도와
[미국] USGS, 미네소타주 지하수자원 수량화 도와
미국 지질협회(USGS)가 시행한 새 연구덕분에 수자원 관리자들이 주요 지하수자원을 수량화하고, 미네소타 주에서 장기간의 물 사용에 대한 지속가능성을 평가할 수 있게 됐다.
USGS 과학자들은 최근 미네소타주 전역에서 지난 15년간의 연간 잠재적 충전율 및 지하수의 자연 보충을 평가했다. 연구에 따르면 1996년부터 2010년까지 주 전역의 잠재적 충전율은 연간 4.9인치였으며, 보충되는 양은 서부에서 동부로 갈수록 점점 증가했다. 또한, 일반적으로 4월의 잠재 충전량이 가장 높았다.
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USGS research to help industry pros better quantify groundwater resources in MN
With the help of new research conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in partnership with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, water resource managers are now able to quantify critical groundwater resources and assess the sustainability of long-term water use in the state of Minnesota.USGS scientists recently estimated annual rates of potential recharge, or the natural replenishment of groundwater, over 15 years across Minnesota. According the study, the statewide mean annual potential recharge rate from 1996 to 2010 was 4.9 inches per year (in/yr). Recharge rates increased from west to east across the state, and April generally had the highest potential recharge.
Improved estimates of recharge are necessary because approximately 75 percent of drinking water and 90 percent of agricultural irrigation water in Minnesota are supplied from groundwater. "Resource managers in Minnesota can use this study to help inform water use or water conservation guidelines throughout the state," said USGS scientist and lead author of the report, Erik Smith.
To maintain a stable supply of groundwater, recharge rates must be high enough to compensate for water that is lost to streams, lakes and other surface-water bodies, or removed for uses such as agriculture. The scientists used data about daily precipitation, minimum and maximum daily temperatures, land cover, and soil to model Minnesota\'s recharge rates.
[출처 = Water World / 2015년 5월 18일] -
[기술동향] [USDA] 오갈라라 대수층지역 수질향상 및 물 보전에 650만 달러 투자
[USDA] 오갈라라 대수층지역 수질향상 및 물 보전에 650만 달러 투자
농부 및 농장주들이 수질을 향상시키고 수십 갤런의 물을 보호하도록 돕기 위해 미국 농무부(USDA)가 오갈라라 대수층(Ogallala Aquifer)지역에 올해 650만 달러를 투자한다. 기금은 일곱 곳의 우선지역에 나누어져 각 지역의 최우선 수자원을 지원하고 지역경제를 강화하는 데 쓰일 예정이다.
여덟 개의 주에 걸쳐 있는 그레이트 플레인스(Great Plains) 아래에 있는 오갈라라는 미국 내 생산되는 밀, 옥수수, 목화, 소의 약 5분의 1을 생산하는 지역으로, 오랫동안 하이 플레인스(High Plains) 인구에 주된 수자원이 되어 왔으며, 현재는 지속불가능한 속도로 고갈되고 있다.
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USDA invests $6.5M to conserve water, improve water quality in Ogallala Aquifer region
In an effort to help farmers and ranchers conserve billions of gallons of water and improve water quality, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is investing $6.5 million in the Ogallala Aquifer region this year. Funding will be targeted to seven priority areas to support their primary water source and strengthen rural economies.
Underlying the Great Plains in eight states, the Ogallala supports nearly one-fifth of the wheat, corn, cotton, and cattle produced in the United States. It has long been the main water supply for the High Plains\' population and is being depleted at an unsustainable rate. The reservoir covers about 174,000 square miles, mainly in Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. The aquifer also covers part of South Dakota, Wyoming, Colorado, and New Mexico.
Through the Ogallala Aquifer Initiative (OAI), USDA\'s Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) is directing funding in fiscal year 2015 to support targeted, local efforts to improve the quality and availability of this vital water supply. This year\'s work is planned in seven priority areas in five states and will continue for up to four years.
Moreover, it will conserve billions of gallons of water per year, extending the viability of the aquifer for multiple uses. This conservation investment builds on $66 million that NRCS has invested through OAI since 2011, which helped farmers and ranchers conserve water on more than 325,000 acres. Much of the funding invested by USDA has been matched or supplemented by individual producers.
[출처 = Water World / 2015년 5월 14일] -
[기술동향] [말레이시아] 강변여과 및 한외여과 플랜트 운영 2년 지나
[말레이시아] 강변여과 및 한외여과 플랜트 운영 2년 지나
말레이시아 Kelantan에 위치한 Wakaf Bunut 수처리 플랜트는 지자체 식수 생산을 위해 고안된 말레이시아 최대 규모의 강변여과(riverbank filtration, RBF) 및 한외여과(ultrafiltration, UF) 시설이다.
한외여과 기술을 적용한 이 플랜트는 2013년 3월부터 운영을 시작해 Tok Bali 지역에 하루 최대 1천400만L의 식수 생산용량을 보유하고 있다.
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Malaysia riverbank filtration, ultrafiltration plant thriving after two years in operation
The Wakaf Bunut Water Treatment Plant, located in the state of Kelantan, Malaysia, is the country\'s largest riverbank filtration (RBF) and ultrafiltration (UF) facility designed for producing municipal drinking water. The plant, which is equipped with inge® UF technology, was commissioned in March 2013 and is capable of producing a maximum of up to 14 million liters of drinking water per day for the Tok Bali region.
This combined water purification method works by filtering river water through layers of sand in the riverbank as a form of pretreatment, pumping it out from a horizontal collector well and then supplying it to the UF system. In this second UF stage, tiny pores of the patented inge Multibore® membrane, which are 20 nanometers in diameter, remove all suspended solids, bacteria and viruses from the water. Even in cases where the quality of the river water varies over time, UF always yields consistently high-quality drinking water.
The plant\'s first two years of operation have demonstrated the success of this combination of RBF and UF. Pre-filtration through layers of sand in the riverbank has been shown to reduce the amount of suspended solids in the water by 20 to 70 percent -- a figure that varies significantly from day to day depending on the quality of the river water. This pretreatment stage improves the quality of the water fed to the downstream UF stage, enabling a more cost-effective plant design with lower capital costs. This solution also eliminates the need for chemical pretreatment of the UF feedwater. Despite using lower levels of chemicals, the inge UF modules can be operated in an efficient manner.
The quality of the UF filtrate is monitored and documented at regular intervals. The local water authorities have used the results of these analyses to evaluate the financial viability and sustainability of the combination RBF/UF solution. The combined method has therefore proved to be both technologically and financially viable. These findings should pave the way for other municipal authorities to follow suit by introducing their own combined RBF/UF solutions in the future.
[출처 = Water World / 2015년 5월 5일] -
[기술동향] [미국] 걸프 평행사도(barrier island) 위해 고도 준설선 기술 제공
[미국] 걸프 평행사도(barrier island) 위해 고도 준설선 기술 제공
커터 석션 및 지하수 준설선 설계, 자동화, 제조 전문업체인 DSC Dredge가 최근 J.E. Borries에 8인치 규모 Badger Class 준설선을 제공했다고 발표했다. J.E. Borries는 미시시피주 걸프해안 기반의 풀서비스 해양건설 및 준설업체로, 2012년 허리케인 Isaac으로 인해 발생한 매몰로 미시시피 해안을 따라 걸프 평행사도(barrier island) 재건 프로젝트를 수행하고 있다.
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Advanced dredging technology contributes to Gulf barrier island reconstruction
DSC Dredge, LLC, a company specializing in the engineering, automation, manufacturing, and quality of cutter suction and underwater pump mining dredges, recently announced that it has provided an 8-inch Badger Class dredge to J.E. Borries Inc., a full-service marine construction and dredging company based on the Mississippi Gulf Coast, to assist in an ongoing barrier island reconstruction project along a section of the Mississippi coast following the siltation that occurred during Hurricane Isaac in 2012.
Prior to this dredge purchase, J.E. Borries had completed all of its dredging work by mechanical means, using a long-reach excavator or a clamshell friction crane. The company was recently awarded a project by the Mississippi Department of Marine Resources to complete the dredging of three bayous in and around the city of Gulfport, Miss. A change in the plans and specifications for the project necessitated the combined use of both hydraulic and mechanical dredging.
With environmental and other regulatory concerns, in addition to concerns about the very shallow waters of the area, J.E. Borries\'' owner, Jason Borries, conducted extensive research on hydraulic dredges. Ultimately, he chose to work with DSC based on the company\''s design capability, the Badger dredge\''s availability and affordability, and DSC\''s customer service and training. The delivery of the new Badger unit plays an important role in completing this project, as well as providing additional opportunities for J.E. Borries\'' future dredging endeavors.
Known as the "SUDS" project, the dredging of the Stark, Upper Davis and Simmons bayous includes initial mechanical excavation, with the fines being deposited into a 200-cubic-yard shallow-draft barge, which transports the material to Deere Island, a barrier island in close proximity to Gulfport. The material comprises sandy silt with minor amounts of "gumbo" clay (sticky black, gray or green-colored clay) and shells. After reaching Deere Island, the spoils are offloaded into a holding cell, deepened and turned by the Badger Dredge, which re-excavates the material and pumps it approximately 2,000 feet away. Its depth obtainable to the natural hard sand bottom in the holding cell is over 9 feet. By the end of the project, approximately 170,000 cubic yards of material will be deposited for use as fill.|
The Badger Class 8" x 8" Cutterhead Dredge is manufactured by DSC at its Greenbush, Mich., facility. It is ideal for smaller dredging jobs where more compact equipment is required due to work area limitations. With a working width of just under 10 feet and an overall length of 54 feet including the ladder, the Badger Class dredge can be maneuvered by contractors into harder-to-reach waterways not accessible by larger crafts, yet it still can dig to a depth of 20 feet at a 60-degree down angle on the ladder. The lateral cut achieved by the dredge at maximum depth is approximately 50 feet. The Badger Class dredge is 9 feet, 2 inches tall and can be transported on a single truckload.
Offered in a discharge/suction configuration, the sturdy Badger Class dredge leverages a three-compartment hull, centered by the engine and pump compartment, which is molded to the two iron-framed side tanks to form a single heavy-duty piece reinforced with 10-gauge plate throughout. The unit\''s lever room and pump/engine room enclosures are built with 12-gauge plate for long servicefe. Meeting Tier III diesel emissions requirements, a Caterpillar C7 ACERT engine provides 250 horsepower at 2,200 rpm, and is supported by a 150-gallon fuel tank.
[출처 = Water World / 2015년 5월 1일] -
[기술동향] [NGWA] 네팔 구호활동을 지원하는 글로벌 지하수 커뮤니티 권고
[NGWA] 네팔 구호활동을 지원하는 글로벌 지하수 커뮤니티 권고
지난 주말 네팔에서 일어난 지진 피해 지역에 전문 지식과 자금 지원에 관심을 표하는 글로벌 지하수 커뮤니티의 회원들에게 국가 지하수 협회(NGWA, National Ground Water Association)가 지원 도울 수 있는 조직 2곳을 추천했다.
두 그룹은 미국 국제 개발처(USAID, United States Agency for International Development)와 적십자 국제 연맹(IFRC, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies)으로, 해당 웹사이트에서 개인이나 조직으로 참여해 도움을 줄 수 있다.
많은 자연재해와 마찬가지로, 네팔은 현재 식수, 음식, 의료 도움이라는 세 가지 중요한 문제와 직면하고 있다.
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NGWA urges global groundwater community to offer support for Nepal relief
For those members of the global groundwater community interested in contributing expertise or funding to the stricken region of Nepal following last weekend\'s major earthquake, the National Ground Water Association (NGWA) has recommended two organizations to offer support.
Both groups -- the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) -- have places on their websites where individuals or organizations can participate and provide their efforts. As with many natural disasters, the three most critical needs currently facing Nepal is drinking water, food and medical help.
"One of the best ways to help is to go through established organizations involved in coordinated relief," said NGWA Public Awareness Director Cliff Treyens. "This minimizes problems that sometimes occur during relief efforts when well-intentioned organizations rush in independently and add to the chaos. USAID and IFRC are well-established organizations that are working in a coordinated fashion with the government of Nepal."
NGWA has members in the United States and internationally, many of whom are involved in humanitarian efforts to provide safe drinking water to people who need it. As a trade and professional association, NGWA\'s members include water-well system professionals, scientists, engineers, manufacturers, and suppliers of equipment and materials used in the groundwater industry.
[출처 = Desalination & Water Reuse / 2015년 4월 29일]
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